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Technologies and Technology Equipment
I. A. Polozov, V. A. Nefedova, A. M. Zolotarev, A. A. Popovich
Influence of Selective Laser Melting Parameters on the Porosity and Properties of Functionally Graded Implants Made of Biomedical Titanium Alloys DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.596.607
This paper provides the research results related to the development and optimization of new biomedical titanium alloys and three-dimensional lattice structures based on the triple periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) for application in the orthopedic implants. Systematic variation of the laser power and scanning speed during the selective laser melting process has made it possible to establish the optimal processing modes for the Ti‑13Nb‑13Zr‑5Cu, Ti‑10Ta‑2Nb‑2Zr, and Ti‑15Ta alloys and achieve high material density and favorable mechanical properties. It has been found that the Ti‑13Nb‑13Zr‑5Cu alloy has the highest strength, while the tantalum-based alloys are specified by a lower modulus of elasticity and increased ductility. The study of TPMS structures (gyroid, schwarz, split) with various volume fractions has demonstrated possible regulation of the modulus of elasticity and strength of the structures down to the bone tissue level. Based on the data obtained, a prototype of a functionally graded hip prosthesis has been developed, ensuring the optimal stress distribution and improved biomechanical properties.
Influence of Selective Laser Melting Parameters on the Porosity and Properties of Functionally Graded Implants Made of Biomedical Titanium Alloys DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.596.607
This paper provides the research results related to the development and optimization of new biomedical titanium alloys and three-dimensional lattice structures based on the triple periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) for application in the orthopedic implants. Systematic variation of the laser power and scanning speed during the selective laser melting process has made it possible to establish the optimal processing modes for the Ti‑13Nb‑13Zr‑5Cu, Ti‑10Ta‑2Nb‑2Zr, and Ti‑15Ta alloys and achieve high material density and favorable mechanical properties. It has been found that the Ti‑13Nb‑13Zr‑5Cu alloy has the highest strength, while the tantalum-based alloys are specified by a lower modulus of elasticity and increased ductility. The study of TPMS structures (gyroid, schwarz, split) with various volume fractions has demonstrated possible regulation of the modulus of elasticity and strength of the structures down to the bone tissue level. Based on the data obtained, a prototype of a functionally graded hip prosthesis has been developed, ensuring the optimal stress distribution and improved biomechanical properties.
Tags: functionally graded implants hip prosthesis mechanical properties selective laser melting titanium alloys механические свойства протез тазобедренного сустава селективное лазерное плавление титановые сплавы функционально-градиентные имплантаты
Lasers & Laser Systems
V. P. Duraev, M. R. Lebedev, S. V. Medvedev
Single-frequency Semiconductor Laser Modules with an External Resonator with a Wavelength of 633 nm DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.608.618
The paper provides the results of work on the development of single-frequency semiconductor laser modules with a wavelength of 633 nm, an external resonator and a narrow spectral linewidth of less than 1 MHz based on the fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) generated in a single-mode fiber optic waveguide. The continuous tuning methods for the emission wavelength within the half-width of the FBG reflection contour are considered. The given laser modules are capable of generating the dynamically stable single-frequency radiation with a side mode suppression of more than 40 dB, an oscillating linewidth of less than 300 kHz, and an output optical power of more than 30 mW. The wavelength tuning of the laser module emission spectrum by the pump current is estimated to be 10 GHz (0.02 nm) within the mode interval.
Single-frequency Semiconductor Laser Modules with an External Resonator with a Wavelength of 633 nm DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.608.618
The paper provides the results of work on the development of single-frequency semiconductor laser modules with a wavelength of 633 nm, an external resonator and a narrow spectral linewidth of less than 1 MHz based on the fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) generated in a single-mode fiber optic waveguide. The continuous tuning methods for the emission wavelength within the half-width of the FBG reflection contour are considered. The given laser modules are capable of generating the dynamically stable single-frequency radiation with a side mode suppression of more than 40 dB, an oscillating linewidth of less than 300 kHz, and an output optical power of more than 30 mW. The wavelength tuning of the laser module emission spectrum by the pump current is estimated to be 10 GHz (0.02 nm) within the mode interval.
Tags: external hybrid resonator fiber bragg grating 633 nm narrow linewidth single-frequency semiconductor laser внешний гибридный резонатор волоконная брэгговская решетка 633 нм полупроводниковый одночастотный лазер узкая ширина линии
Optical Devices & Systems
E. S. Zhimuleva, P. S. Zavyalov, A. V. Soldatenko, I. A. Azarov, E. V. Spesivtsev, D. R. Khakimov, S. R. Averina
Mirror Lens for Industrial Ellipsometers as a Part of Integrated Circuit Production Lines DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.634.640
This article proposes a common concept for an industrial ellipsometer designed to control the film thickness of functional and auxiliary layers being the basis of integrated circuit designs. The optical design of the ellipsometer with mirror lenses and an experimental study of the mirror optics are described. The mathematical modeling is supported by experimental data.
Mirror Lens for Industrial Ellipsometers as a Part of Integrated Circuit Production Lines DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.634.640
This article proposes a common concept for an industrial ellipsometer designed to control the film thickness of functional and auxiliary layers being the basis of integrated circuit designs. The optical design of the ellipsometer with mirror lenses and an experimental study of the mirror optics are described. The mathematical modeling is supported by experimental data.
Tags: integrated circuits mirror microlenses optical design spectral ellipsometry зеркальные микрообъективы интегральные схемы оптический дизайн спектральная эллипсометрия
Microwave Photonics
D. V. Lavrukhin, R. R. Galiev, D. V. Garabov, A. E. Yachmenev, R. A. Khabibullin, D. S. Ponomarev
Technology for Development of a K-band Optical Photomixer A technology for production of a K-band (12–40 GHz) optical photomixer combined with a twisted dipole antenna has been developed. An experimental prototype of a semiconductor photomixer chip has been prepared using a gallium arsenide layer grown at the low temperatures using the molecular beam epitaxy.
Technology for Development of a K-band Optical Photomixer A technology for production of a K-band (12–40 GHz) optical photomixer combined with a twisted dipole antenna has been developed. An experimental prototype of a semiconductor photomixer chip has been prepared using a gallium arsenide layer grown at the low temperatures using the molecular beam epitaxy.
Tags: current-voltage characteristic low-temperature gallium arsenide microwave band photomixer planar technology вольт-амперная характеристика низкотемпературный арсенид галлия планарная технология свч-диапазон фотосмеситель
Optical Measurements
A. L. Sokolov
Description and Analysis of Spatially-Inhomogeneous 3D Electromagnetic Field DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.620.632
The development of polarization optics has required the establishment of special methods to describe the polarization-inhomogeneous light beams and 3D electromagnetic field instead of the classical approach that is only suitable for the plane waves. This article provides a brief overview of available methods, focusing on geometric interpretation based on an original approach developed by the author.
Description and Analysis of Spatially-Inhomogeneous 3D Electromagnetic Field DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.620.632
The development of polarization optics has required the establishment of special methods to describe the polarization-inhomogeneous light beams and 3D electromagnetic field instead of the classical approach that is only suitable for the plane waves. This article provides a brief overview of available methods, focusing on geometric interpretation based on an original approach developed by the author.
Tags: 3d degree of polarization 3d electromagnetic field 3d-степень поляризации 3d-электромагниное поле depolaris polaris деполяриса поляриса
Biophotonics
E. N. Baranova, P. A. Vernik, A. V. Fedorov, E. V. Tkacheva, O. V. Shelepova, L. N. Konovalova, V. V. Latushkin
Using Leaf and Shoot Color Characteristics in Breeding for Sex Detection in Rumex acetosa L. Plants at the Budding Stage DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.650.660
Based on physiological differences between male and female plants of the valuable green leafy vegetable, dioecious sorrel, an instrumental method for detecting sex in this species is proposed. Biennial sorrel plants in the transition to the generative stage of development were used to selectively select potential parental pairs for subsequent crossing. Differences in the morphology and physiology of photosynthesis between male and female genotypes, expressed in different ratios of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and fluorescence intensity indices associated with the functioning of photosystem II, were found to indirectly affect the spectral reflectance characteristics of the leaf surface. A screening of the most common indices used in hyperspectral data analysis revealed that sex detection can be performed using both NDVI and (preferably) SIPI and MTCI indices. The simplest method is analysis of the lower (abaxial) leaf surface. Thus, analysis of hyperspectral characteristics of leaf reflectance allows for reliable sex identification of sorrel plants at the budding stage.
Using Leaf and Shoot Color Characteristics in Breeding for Sex Detection in Rumex acetosa L. Plants at the Budding Stage DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2025.19.8.650.660
Based on physiological differences between male and female plants of the valuable green leafy vegetable, dioecious sorrel, an instrumental method for detecting sex in this species is proposed. Biennial sorrel plants in the transition to the generative stage of development were used to selectively select potential parental pairs for subsequent crossing. Differences in the morphology and physiology of photosynthesis between male and female genotypes, expressed in different ratios of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and fluorescence intensity indices associated with the functioning of photosystem II, were found to indirectly affect the spectral reflectance characteristics of the leaf surface. A screening of the most common indices used in hyperspectral data analysis revealed that sex detection can be performed using both NDVI and (preferably) SIPI and MTCI indices. The simplest method is analysis of the lower (abaxial) leaf surface. Thus, analysis of hyperspectral characteristics of leaf reflectance allows for reliable sex identification of sorrel plants at the budding stage.
Tags: common sorrel dioecious plants hyperspectral analysis phenotype plant sex identification гиперспектральный анализ двудомные растения половая идентификация растений фенотип щавель кислый
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