rus
Technologies and Technology Equipment
M. A. Mikhalevich, A. Yu. Kokhanovskiy, D. A. Rud, A. D. Sidorova, D. S. Stepanyuk, E. V. Menshikov, G. V. Romanova, D. A. Sinev
Automated data collection for selecting a laser regime for titanium structuring DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.138.149
This article proposes an approach to developing an intelligent decision-making system for optimizing the laser processing conditions for titanium alloys to achieve a specified surface microgeometry. The need to obtain a unified structured database of laser-material interaction results is substantiated. An approach to the automated experimental data collection and analysis based on the machine vision and image segmentation algorithms is proposed. The initial results of the system’s operation for automatic labeling of data obtained by the nanosecond laser irradiation of VT1-0 titanium alloy samples are given. It is shown that the automated system enables highly accurate classification of the impact areas, while distinguishing between the heat-affected zone and undamaged material and measuring their geometric parameters. The proposed approach opens up potential for developing the intelligent systems capable of quickly and efficiently predicting laser processing results and recommending the optimal process modes.
Automated data collection for selecting a laser regime for titanium structuring DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.138.149
This article proposes an approach to developing an intelligent decision-making system for optimizing the laser processing conditions for titanium alloys to achieve a specified surface microgeometry. The need to obtain a unified structured database of laser-material interaction results is substantiated. An approach to the automated experimental data collection and analysis based on the machine vision and image segmentation algorithms is proposed. The initial results of the system’s operation for automatic labeling of data obtained by the nanosecond laser irradiation of VT1-0 titanium alloy samples are given. It is shown that the automated system enables highly accurate classification of the impact areas, while distinguishing between the heat-affected zone and undamaged material and measuring their geometric parameters. The proposed approach opens up potential for developing the intelligent systems capable of quickly and efficiently predicting laser processing results and recommending the optimal process modes.
Tags: database data processing experiment automation image segmentation laser processing machine vision автоматизация экспериментов база данных лазерная обработка машинное зрение обработка данных сегментация изображений
Lasers & Laser Systems
SLS Prime Technology: a Company’s Maturity is Measured Not in Years, but in the Precision of Its Engineering Solutions and Accountability for Results
DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.76.84
In early 2025, PHOTONICS RUSSIA magazine published a major feature about the first steps and development plans of SLS Prime Technology, an ambitious and young player in the photonics market. Just one year has passed – a mere moment by the industrial standards – but during that period of time, the Belarusian manufacturer of laser equipment has taken a significant leap forward and undergone a highly qualitative internal and external transformation. It has moved from the category of a «promising startup» to the status of a full-fledged engineering center, thus becoming a reliable partner for leading industrial and scientific enterprises.
The magazine’s editorial team decided to interview the company’s employees to find out what lies behind such rapid success, how they create the lasers capable of competing with the products from global manufacturers, and why the customers trust this young company with their most comprehensive and long-term projects. These and many other questions were at the heart of a conversation with the company’s leading specialists.
In early 2025, PHOTONICS RUSSIA magazine published a major feature about the first steps and development plans of SLS Prime Technology, an ambitious and young player in the photonics market. Just one year has passed – a mere moment by the industrial standards – but during that period of time, the Belarusian manufacturer of laser equipment has taken a significant leap forward and undergone a highly qualitative internal and external transformation. It has moved from the category of a «promising startup» to the status of a full-fledged engineering center, thus becoming a reliable partner for leading industrial and scientific enterprises.
The magazine’s editorial team decided to interview the company’s employees to find out what lies behind such rapid success, how they create the lasers capable of competing with the products from global manufacturers, and why the customers trust this young company with their most comprehensive and long-term projects. These and many other questions were at the heart of a conversation with the company’s leading specialists.
Optical Devices & Systems
O. E. Udovichenko, M. V. Gavrish, S. S. Makarin, N. V. Nikonorov, U. V. Prokhorova, P. K. Rozanov, P. Yu. Serdobintsev, V. V. Sementin, A. S. Boreisho, A. P. Pogoda
Study of the Bragg Grating Recording and Degradation Processes for Application in the Pulsed Solid-state Lasers DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.90.104
This article provides a brief overview of methods for recording volume holographic Bragg gratings as the optical elements for controlling the emission spectrum of high-power pulsed solid-state lasers. The recording media for holographic Bragg gratings (silver-halide emulsions, chrome-plated gelatin layers, lithium niobate crystals (LiNbO3), and photothermorefractive glass) are considered. The recording circuits for holographic Lloyd, Michelson, and Talbot gratings are given. The requirements for the spatial stability of laser radiation are described, and their control method is provided. The experimental results of recording the transmission Bragg gratings in various solid-state materials are presented. The surface radiation resistance threshold of photothermorefractive glass is determined by the breakdown registration. The feasibility of developing Bragg diffraction gratings in the high-power pulsed lasers is demonstrated.
Study of the Bragg Grating Recording and Degradation Processes for Application in the Pulsed Solid-state Lasers DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.90.104
This article provides a brief overview of methods for recording volume holographic Bragg gratings as the optical elements for controlling the emission spectrum of high-power pulsed solid-state lasers. The recording media for holographic Bragg gratings (silver-halide emulsions, chrome-plated gelatin layers, lithium niobate crystals (LiNbO3), and photothermorefractive glass) are considered. The recording circuits for holographic Lloyd, Michelson, and Talbot gratings are given. The requirements for the spatial stability of laser radiation are described, and their control method is provided. The experimental results of recording the transmission Bragg gratings in various solid-state materials are presented. The surface radiation resistance threshold of photothermorefractive glass is determined by the breakdown registration. The feasibility of developing Bragg diffraction gratings in the high-power pulsed lasers is demonstrated.
Tags: bragg diffraction grating bragg grating degradation bragg grating recording circuits chromed gelatin layers hologram registration sources interference pattern stability lithium niobate photothermorefractive glass silver-halide emulsions solid-state pulsed lasers галогенидосеребряные эмульсии деградация решеток брэгга дифракционная решетка брэгга источники для записи голограмм ниобат лития слои хромированного желатина стабильность интерференционной картины схемы записи решеток брэгга твердотельные импульсные лазеры фото-термо-рефрактивное стекло
M. S. Kuznetsov, А. V. Zavitkov, А. B. Lyukhter, А. S. Loktev, D. Y. Tatarkin
Comparative Analysis of Optical Schematics for a Laser Emitter Module Designed for High-Power-Density Beam Focusing at Long Distances DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.106.118
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia
The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of two optical schemes of a laser emitter unit designed to form a laser beam with a high power density in the beam cross-section at long distances. The main focus is on comparing optical schemes based on an aspherical lens and a spherical doublet. This research aims to address the urgent scientific and technical challenge of creating efficient systems for focusing high-power laser radiation, which is essential in various fields, from industrial material processing to energy transmission systems. The results are of interest to developers of optical systems for transmitting laser radiation over long distances.
Comparative Analysis of Optical Schematics for a Laser Emitter Module Designed for High-Power-Density Beam Focusing at Long Distances DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.106.118
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russia
The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of two optical schemes of a laser emitter unit designed to form a laser beam with a high power density in the beam cross-section at long distances. The main focus is on comparing optical schemes based on an aspherical lens and a spherical doublet. This research aims to address the urgent scientific and technical challenge of creating efficient systems for focusing high-power laser radiation, which is essential in various fields, from industrial material processing to energy transmission systems. The results are of interest to developers of optical systems for transmitting laser radiation over long distances.
Tags: adjustment of the collimating beam tuning aspherical and spherical lenses high-power density beam formation optical scheme optical unit of the laser emitter shear interferometer асферические и сферические линзы интерферометр сдвига настройка коллимирующего пучка оптическая схема оптический блок лазерного излучателя формирование лазерного пучка с высокой плотностью мощности
Fiber Optic Devices & Technoligies
V. V. Grishachev
The Speech Information Leakage Through the Fiber-Optic Technical Channels in the Office: Noise Analysis (Interference and Distortion) DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.122.136
Threats to the speech information privacy are often associated with interception (eavesdropping) through the technical channels, including any fiber-optic communications. The functioning efficiency of the acoustic fiber-optic channel for speech information leakage, i. e. the interception range, speech intelligibility and other parameters, is largely determined by the noise level of the informative optical signal during formation and propagation in the fiber-optic channel. The noise interference is related to the penetration of external optical radiation into the leakage channel that can be ignored due to the light-impermeable protective cable jackets. The noise level are primarily determined by the optical signal distortions in the fiber, exposed to the low-frequency random background physical fields in the environment, and its subsequent decorrelation. The average signal distortion is estimated by the decorrelation coefficient, and the integral noise estimation is based on the leakage channel noise ratio. The proposed method allows for the assessment of specifications of an acoustic fiber-optic channel for speech information leakage based on its physical parameters.
The Speech Information Leakage Through the Fiber-Optic Technical Channels in the Office: Noise Analysis (Interference and Distortion) DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.122.136
Threats to the speech information privacy are often associated with interception (eavesdropping) through the technical channels, including any fiber-optic communications. The functioning efficiency of the acoustic fiber-optic channel for speech information leakage, i. e. the interception range, speech intelligibility and other parameters, is largely determined by the noise level of the informative optical signal during formation and propagation in the fiber-optic channel. The noise interference is related to the penetration of external optical radiation into the leakage channel that can be ignored due to the light-impermeable protective cable jackets. The noise level are primarily determined by the optical signal distortions in the fiber, exposed to the low-frequency random background physical fields in the environment, and its subsequent decorrelation. The average signal distortion is estimated by the decorrelation coefficient, and the integral noise estimation is based on the leakage channel noise ratio. The proposed method allows for the assessment of specifications of an acoustic fiber-optic channel for speech information leakage based on its physical parameters.
Tags: акустический волоконно-оптический канал утечки речевой информац декорреляция информативного оптического сигнала информационная безопасность волоконно-оптических технологий коэффициент шума канала утечки низкочастотное зашумление волоконно-оптического канала
Biophotonics
N. A. Maslov, P. M. Larionov, I. A. Rozhin, T. M. Terekhova, A. A. Korytkin
Decontamination of Bacterial Cellulose Using Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.150.159
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising natural biomaterial considered as an alternative to the synthetic polymers for medical and pharmaceutical applications. The BC treatment protocols are aimed at removing any microbial producers and their metabolic residues. This paper explores the possible use of ultraviolet laser irradiation for additional BC treatment and application of the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy to monitor its microbial contamination. The BC treatment protocol with a maximum treatment period of 30 days with 0.1 M NaOH and subsequent ultraviolet treatment was considered. The LIF spectra were recorded in the excitation wavelength range of 220–290 nm. For a more accurate interpretation of the results, the same samples were examined using the laser scanning microscopy (LSM) method. The results have demonstrated that the alkali-treated BC samples show the signs of tryptophan and tyrosine fluorescence, thus indicating the available microbial residues. Moreover, the LSM analysis has revealed the DNA-containing bodies with the dimensions of 1–2 µm after alkaline treatment. The ultraviolet irradiation of BC with a total dose of 12 J/cm2 has significantly reduced the density of such “bodies”, as well as the relevant tyrosine and tryptophan signals, but has not eliminated them completely. The ultraviolet laser irradiation at a wavelength of 240 nm leads to the photodegradation of the remaining producer cells and facilitates their removal, as confirmed by the LIF spectroscopy and confocal microscopy.
Decontamination of Bacterial Cellulose Using Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.150.159
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising natural biomaterial considered as an alternative to the synthetic polymers for medical and pharmaceutical applications. The BC treatment protocols are aimed at removing any microbial producers and their metabolic residues. This paper explores the possible use of ultraviolet laser irradiation for additional BC treatment and application of the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy to monitor its microbial contamination. The BC treatment protocol with a maximum treatment period of 30 days with 0.1 M NaOH and subsequent ultraviolet treatment was considered. The LIF spectra were recorded in the excitation wavelength range of 220–290 nm. For a more accurate interpretation of the results, the same samples were examined using the laser scanning microscopy (LSM) method. The results have demonstrated that the alkali-treated BC samples show the signs of tryptophan and tyrosine fluorescence, thus indicating the available microbial residues. Moreover, the LSM analysis has revealed the DNA-containing bodies with the dimensions of 1–2 µm after alkaline treatment. The ultraviolet irradiation of BC with a total dose of 12 J/cm2 has significantly reduced the density of such “bodies”, as well as the relevant tyrosine and tryptophan signals, but has not eliminated them completely. The ultraviolet laser irradiation at a wavelength of 240 nm leads to the photodegradation of the remaining producer cells and facilitates their removal, as confirmed by the LIF spectroscopy and confocal microscopy.
Tags: bacterial cellulose excitation and emission matrix laser-induced fluorescence treatment бактериальная целлюлоза лазерно-индуцированная флуоресценция матрица возбуждения-эмиссии очистка
News
A. V. Naumov
An Unnoticed Anniversary: A Journey Through the Waves of Memory to the Foundations of Photonics DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.72.74
The year 2026 marks the centenary of a hypothesis without which it is impossible to imagine modern semiconductor physics, optoelectronics, and photonics. In February 1926, Yakov Ilyich Frenkel, a young Soviet physicist working in Germany, introduced the concept of a “ hole” – an empty space in a crystal lattice capable of moving within the crystal. However, the true significance of this discovery for photonics was only revealed five years later, when Frenkel predicted the existence of the exciton. And today, a century later, Frenkel’s ideas are experiencing a renaissance in quantum optics and nanophotonics.
An Unnoticed Anniversary: A Journey Through the Waves of Memory to the Foundations of Photonics DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.72.74
The year 2026 marks the centenary of a hypothesis without which it is impossible to imagine modern semiconductor physics, optoelectronics, and photonics. In February 1926, Yakov Ilyich Frenkel, a young Soviet physicist working in Germany, introduced the concept of a “ hole” – an empty space in a crystal lattice capable of moving within the crystal. However, the true significance of this discovery for photonics was only revealed five years later, when Frenkel predicted the existence of the exciton. And today, a century later, Frenkel’s ideas are experiencing a renaissance in quantum optics and nanophotonics.
Tags: concept of a “hole” exciton frenkel defect history of science and technology nanophotonics quantum technologies spintronics дефект по френкелю история науки и техники квантовые технологии нанофотониаи понятие «дырки» спинтроника экситон
N. L. Istomina
Laser Systems and Galvanometers are Key Components of 3D Machines DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.86.88
Additive technologies are changing the face of industry, so the opinions of experts on the main trends in the development of Russian additive technologies are constantly changing, although there is no doubt about the credibility of their statements. One thing is clear – the main trend in the development of the Russian additive technologies market remains their gradual introduction into the energy sector, engineering and engine manufacturing, electronics, where they show a clear priority over other tools for economic development.
Laser Systems and Galvanometers are Key Components of 3D Machines DOI: 10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2026.20.2.86.88
Additive technologies are changing the face of industry, so the opinions of experts on the main trends in the development of Russian additive technologies are constantly changing, although there is no doubt about the credibility of their statements. One thing is clear – the main trend in the development of the Russian additive technologies market remains their gradual introduction into the energy sector, engineering and engine manufacturing, electronics, where they show a clear priority over other tools for economic development.